[Garuda]'s base kit makes her one of the strongest scaling solo warframes in the game. Unfortunately it doesn't give us much room to swap mods around because she needs so many very specific mods in order to make use of her gimmicks.
Duration is increased so we can utilize buffing abilities like Nourish/Warcry or utility abilities like Quiver/Dispensary. Although high duration and average strength builds usually favor defensive or utility abilities, [Garuda]'s passive effectively doubles the damage from any offensive ability.
Nourish is chosen because you get free damage and health. The healing is actually far higher than the listed amount in the arsenal because it assumes you've eaten a few level 35 enemies. This doesn't matter on most other frames but it allows [Garuda] to create a loop where she chains Nourish and Bloodletting.
[Xata]'s Whisper, Eclipse, and Roar double dip with [Garuda]'s Passive and overperform even though you have average ability strength. They're great options but you really don't need the damage.
Quiver and Dispensary allow you to significantly increase your QoL. This build can have some survivability issues which are solved when you infinitely camp a single room with either of these abilities.
[Enemy Radar] mods help us to find enemies. Seeking [Talons] is a cone and not a 360 degree attack so you still need to position yourself correctly.
[Augur Message] is the flex mod and is usually replaced for augments or an increase in QoL.
[Quick Thinking] should always be paired with some form of stagger resistance or recovery. [Primed Sure Footed] is the strongest option but you can downgrade to [Sure Footed] or [Pain Threshold] if you don't have it yet.
[Natural Talent] is needed on the build in order to abuse Seeking [Talons]. The range is condensed into a cone pointed forward on your screen. It already has issues in melee range against large groups and without [Natural Talent] that just becomes much worse.
Arcane Pulse and Arcane Velocity are both flex arcanes. They can be replaced with a lot of different options depending on the weapon you're using or the content you're running. Arcane Velocity is run primarily because of the [Kuva Nukor] synergy but you can replace it with any other arcane that increases your damage. Arcane Pulse gives us a full health bar after picking up a health orb which we then convert to a full energy bar with Bloodletting.